At least 12 species of octopus have been recorded in South Australian waters, according to the Atlas of Living Australia.
| Genus | Species | Common name | Described |
| Argonauta | argo | Greater argonaut | 1758, Linnaeus |
| Grimpella | thaumastocheir | Velvet octopus | 1928, Robson |
| Hapalochlaena | lunulata | Greater blue-ringed octopus | 1832, Quoy & Gaimard |
| Hapalochlaena | maculosa | Lesser blue-ringed octopus | 1883, Hoyle |
| Octopus | australis | Hammer octopus | 1885, Hoyle |
| Octopus | berrima | Southern keeled octopus | 1993, Stranks & Norman |
| Octopus | bunurong | Southern white-spot octopus | 1990, Stranks |
| Octopus | kaurna | Southern sand octopus | 1990, Stranks |
| Octopus | maorum | Maori octopus | 1880, Hutton |
| Octopus | pallidus | Pale octopus | 1885, Hoyle |
| Octopus | superciliosis | Frilled pygmy octopus | 1832, Quoy & Gaimard |
| Opisthoteuthis | persephone | 1918, Berry |
Last updated: 28 April 2015 – Dan Monceaux